What Could Surprise Cisco Stock Investors On The Upside?

Cisco Systems (CSCO) stock returned 62% over the past 12 months (as of Ssptember 28, 2026). After that run, you pay 31.8 times its past year's earnings, against 22.1 for the S&P 500. At that price, the stock appears to assume growth that has not happened yet, so further upside would need something beyond that. So what could still surprise Cisco Systems investors on the upside.